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 In plants, RNA interference (RNAi) is an effective defense mechanism against pathogens and pests RNAi mainly involves the micro RNA and the small interfering RNA (siRNA) pathways The latter pathway is generally based on the processing of long double stranded RNAs (dsRNA) into siRNAs by DICERLIKE endonucleases (DCLs) SiRNAs are loaded onto ARGONAUTE proteins to constitute the RNADNA is amazing!!You guys can get in touch with me here and also ask your doubtshttps//wwwinstagramcom/seal_1school/?hl=enPray to God and Stay happy every RNA, like DNA, can form double helices held together by the pairing of complementary bases, and such helices are ubiquitous in functional RNAs Here we apply external forces and torques to individual doublestranded RNA molecules to determine the mechanical properties and conformational transitions of these fundamental biological building blocks

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Double stranded rna binding proteins- As a positivestrand RNA virus, SFV generates ample amounts of doublestranded (ds) RNA during its life cycle, and the production of dsRNA coincided with the activation of NLRP1 We therefore tested poly(IC), a synthetic dsRNA analog, and in vitro transcribed dsRNA molecules for inflammasome activationMCQs The only virus, which has double stranded RNA, is_____?

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In recent years a great number of doublestranded RNAs have been detected in different viruses Viruses grown on fungi represent a special group, usually containing multiple doublestranded RNAs and in some cases both doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) and singlestranded RNA (ssRNA) in the same virion l51 In a double stranded RNA form, retroviruses infect a host cell with their genome, and then are reverse transcribed into double stranded DNA, with the DNA then integrated into the home cell genome When integrated into a host genome, a retrovirus is hard to detect and can lay dormant for prolonged periods, having no discernible effect on the hostDetection of doublestranded RNAs (dsRNAs) is a central mechanism of innate immune defense in many organisms We here discuss several families of dsRNAbinding proteins involved in mammalian antiviral innate immunity These include RIGIlike receptors, protein kinase R, oligoadenylate synthases, adenosine deaminases acting on RNA, RNA interference systems, and

Double stranded RNA (dsRNA) In eukaryotes, it is an accidental byproduct of transcriptional process It may occur as the genome of certain viruses (such as reovirus) or may be produced during viral replication as a general marker for viral infection DNA is a double stranded helix that carries the instructions for building and maintaining anMany RNA's have a single strand — but a lot of double stranded structure That is because like proteins, many RNA's do a job, and form determines function, so that they have to have secondary structure (the double helix) and tertiary structure (th RNA interference (RNAi) is a posttranscriptional gene silencing mechanism that is initiated by the presence of doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) It was first reported in the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans 1 During the past 2 decades, research by academic and commercial entities on the application of RNAi technology for insect pest management

In a double stranded RNA form, retroviruses infect a host cell with their genome, and then are reverse transcribed into double stranded DNA, with the DNA then integrated into the home cell genome When integrated into a host genome, a retrovirus is hard to detect and can lay dormant for prolonged periods, having no discernible effect on the hostCatalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) referred to as AtoI RNA editingDetection of doublestranded RNAs (dsRNAs) is a central mechanism of innate immune defense in many organisms We here discuss several families of dsRNAbinding proteins involved in mammalian antiviral innate immunity These include RIGIlike receptors, protein kinase R, oligoadenylate synthases, adenosine deaminases acting on RNA, RNA interference systems, and

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Double stranded RNA is often a sign of trouble because many viruses form long strands of doublestranded RNA as they replicate their genome RNA interference is a process that occurs in plant and animal cells that attacks the viral RNA, and short sequences of double stranded RNA called small interfering RNA (siRNA) are involved in this process 2Doublestranded DNA and RNA, and DNA/RNA hybrids form naturally in cells between two nucleic acid strands containing complementary sequences However, these doublestranded nucleic acid structures need to be separated for DNA replication, RNAMouse anti doublestranded RNA (J2) Over the past decade our doublestranded RNA (dsRNA)antibodies have been used extensively to detect and characterise plant and animal viruses with dsRNA genomes or intermediates In addition, the antidsRNA antibodies can be used as a diagnostic tool to detect pathogens, including detection in paraffin

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Doublestranded RNA virus replication Related to all Doublestranded RNA viruses Location Host cell cytoplasm, replication/transcription occurs in capsids for most dsRNA viruses Replication/transcription events The 5' part of dsRNA genome may be naked, capped or covalently linked to a viral protein Doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) is a virusencoded signature capable of triggering intracellular Riglike receptors (RLR) to activate antiviralDoublestranded RNA is produced by positivestrand RNA viruses and DNA viruses but not in detectable amounts by negativestrand RNA viruses J Virol (06), 80(10) doi /JVI

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Doublestrand RNA (dsRNA) is a signal for genespecific silencing of expression in a number of organisms This phenomenon was demonstrated recently in Caenorhabditis eleganswhen dsRNA was injected into the worm and the corresponding gene products disappeared from both the somatic cells of the organism as well as in its F 1 progeny (Fire et al 1998) Endogenous RNA transcription characterizes doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses in the Reoviridae, a family that is exemplified by its simple, singleshelled member cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus Double stranded DNA is linear or filamentous form Single stranded DNA is usually stellate or star shaped 2 Total number of adenine will be equal to total number of thymine Similarly total number of guanine will be equal to the total number of cytosine No such relationships in ssDNA 3 A / T ratio is 1 Adenine thymine ratio will be ~ 077 4 G / C ratio is 1

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Mechanistic analysis demonstrated that the doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) sensor MDA5 was necessary for innate immune response activation and that transient knockdown of MDA5, or MAVS, decreased IFNβ expression while increasing transgene production in AAVtransduced cells Meister G, Tuschl T (04) Mechanisms of gene silencing by doublestranded RNA Nature 431 343–349 View Article Google Scholar 12 JonesRhoades MW, Bartel DP, Bartel B (06) MicroRNAS and their regulatory roles in plants Annu Rev Plant Biol 57 19–53 View Article RNA can form into doublestranded structures, such as during translation, when mRNA and tRNA molecules pair DNA polymers are also much longer than RNA polymers;

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RNA interference (RNAi) occurs after a long doublestranded RNA molecule (dsRNA) is introduced to a cell and is processed in the cytoplasm by a twosubunit RNAse IIIfamily enzyme named Dicer, which catalyses the digestion of the dsRNA molecule into smaller, 2123 nucleotidelong dsRNA fragments termed small interfering RNA (siRNA) moleculesStudies show how a NONGMO Organic Diet helped 3250 people recover from 28 disordersThe biotech industry's claim that genetically modified (GM) foods are sa Doublestranded RNA drives SARSCoV2 nucleocapsid protein to undergo phase separation at specific temperatures Christine A Roden , Yifan Dai , Ian Seim , Myungwoon Lee , Rachel Sealfon , Grace A McLaughlin , Mark A Boerneke , Christiane Iserman , Samuel A Wey , Joanne L Ekena , Olga G Troyanskaya , Kevin M Weeks , Lingchong You

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Doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) ELISA kit (J2 based) Based on the use of two doublestranded RNA (dsRNA)specific monoclonal antibodies the dsRNA Detection Kit allows sensitive and selective detection of dsRNA molecules (larger than 3040 bp), independent of their nucleotide composition and sequence The detection is highly specific dsRNA can beDouble stranded RNA, also known as dsRNA, usually shows up in viruses and is somewhat unusual In viruses, it is a unique characteristic, and only a small number of viral families exhibit this trait RNA hybridization happens when one RNA strand combines, or hybridizes, with either another RNA strand or a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strandTo our surprise, we found that doublestranded RNA was substantially more effective at producing interference than was either strand individually After injection into adult animals, purified single strands had at most a modest effect, whereas double

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 This was followed by evidence for double stranded RNA by Weismann and August in 1968 Reverse transcription is the process of making a double stranded DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecule from a single stranded RNA (ribonucleic acid) template It is called reverse transcription as it acts in the opposite or reverse direction to transcriptionDoubleStranded RNA Production of doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) is a part of the coxsackievirus replication cycle It has been shown that dsRNA is able to directly stimulate a dsRNctivated protein kinase (PKR) A major substrate of PKR is the α subunit of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α)Medical Subjects Mcqs Microbiology Mcqs

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 The specialized ribonuclease Dicer initiates RNA interference by cleaving doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) substrates into small fragments about 25 nucleotides in length In the crystal structure of an intact Dicer enzyme, the PAZ domain, a module that binds the end of dsRNA, is separated from the two catalytic ribonuclease III (RNase III) domains by a flat, positivelyThe SuperScript® DoubleStranded cDNA Synthesis Kit contains all of the reagents (except an oligo (dT)containing primer) necessary to make highquality, doublestranded cDNA from total RNA or poly A selected RNA (mRNA)The advanced capabilities of SuperScript® II Reverse Transcriptase, with its reduced RNase H activity, maximize the yield of fulllength cDNA, as well as that of DNA, not RNA, is the ultimate genetic repository of information, and so you would expect it to be fiercely guarded In this regard, being doublestranded helps in at least two ways Firstly, the 'information' part of DNA is the nitrogenous base, as opposed to the pentose sugar or the phosphate residues In a singlestranded molecule, this

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Doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) is RNA with two complementary strands, similar to the DNA found in all cells, but with the replacement of thymine by uracil dsRNA forms the genetic material of some viruses (doublestranded RNA viruses)RNA interference RNA interference (RNAi) is a genetic regulatory system that functions to silence the activity of specific genes RNAi occurs naturally, through the production of nuclearencoded premicroRNA (premiRNA), and can be induced experimentally, using short segments of synthetic doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) The synthetic dsRNA employedDoublestranded poliovirus RNA(RF) wasobtained from thecrude cytoplasmic extract byadjusting it to 1% in NaDod SO4, 10 ,ug/ml in polyvinyl sulfate, 01 Min NaCl, mMin

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 Doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) sometimes occurs It is similar to DNA, except thymine is replaced by uracil This type of RNA is found in some viruses When these viruses infect eukaryotic cells, the dsRNA can interfere with normal RNA It is remarkable that, despite its uniform, large negative charge, double stranded DNA precipitates from dilute solution when even small numbers of multivalent ions are introduced Much effort has been expended investigating the nature of this multivalent ioninduced attraction because of its relevance to DNA packaging, either in viruses 2 or for applications in nonviral geneDoublestranded RNA (dsRNA) generated during genome replication is a commonality to many viruses Traditional methods for detecting virus infection have relied on titering virus particles (plaque assay) These methods have proven lengthy, often taking place over several days

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 Doublestranded RNAspecific adenos The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome This score cannot be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' forThe 23m long human genome consists of 46 chromosomes, each of which is a single, long DNA molecule RNA molecules, by comparison, are much shorter 4

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